Guide : How to clean and replace your machine’s filters

MAINTENANCE

How to clean and change
the filters on your machine

Air, fuel and oil filters protect the engine by holding back dust and impurities. Here is when and how to check them, clean them when possible and replace them, with the right tools.

QUICK ANSWER

	Loss of power or high consumption: check and replace the air filter.
	Hard starting or stalling: suspect the fuel filter.
	Routine engine servicing: replace the oil filter together with a suitable oil.

WHEN TO CHANGE THE FILTERS

SYMPTOMS

Loss of power, higher consumption, unusual noise, hard starting.

INTERVAL

Usually every 25 to 50 h or once a season. Check the manual.

ENVIRONMENT

Dust or mud: check more often.

TOOLS YOU NEED

Oil filter wrench

To remove the oil filter without damaging it.

Spanner set

A spanner set or socket wrench for the fixings.

Cleaner / degreaser

Contact cleaner or degreaser if the filter is washable.

Rags & pan

Clean rags and a collection pan.

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FUEL FILTER

OFTEN DISPOSABLE

Many fuel filters are disposable. Only clean models that are explicitly washable; otherwise, go straight to replacement.

1	Make it safe Stop the machine and let it cool. Close the fuel tap if there is one.
2	Clean (if washable) Remove the filter and wipe the outside with a rag. If washable: rinse with clean fuel, let it drain for 5 min, then refit in the right direction (IN/OUT arrow).
3	Remove it for replacement Locate the filter (near the tank or the pump). Loosen the clamps and pull out the old filter.
4	Fit the new filter Orient it the right way round. Refasten the fuel lines.
5	Test Top up the fuel, start the machine and check for leaks.

AIR FILTER

1	Stop & remove Stop the engine and let it cool, then remove the air filter.
2	Clean the foam For a foam filter: wash in soapy water, dry completely, then lightly oil it if specified.
3	Clean the paper For a pleated paper element: blow with low-pressure compressed air from the inside out, or tap off the dust. Refit completely dry.
4	Replace if worn Open the housing cover, take out the worn element and clean the seat.
5	Fit & test Seat the new filter properly, close the cover, start the engine and check the seal.

OIL FILTER

REPLACE, DON'T CLEAN

On most small engines, the oil filter is replaced, not cleaned. Only clean it if the manufacturer specifies a reusable element.

1	Drain & remove Drain the oil as per the manual, then remove the old filter with an oil filter wrench.
2	Clean (if reusable) If the model is reusable: wipe the outside, soak a rag in clean oil, wipe the element, let it drain then refit. Otherwise, move on to a new filter.
3	Fit the new filter Oil the seal of the new filter. Screw it on by hand, then tighten a further 3/4 turn (or to the specified torque).
4	Refill Fill with fresh oil that meets your engine's spec.
5	Check Start the engine, check for leaks, switch off then recheck the level.

PROTECTION (PPE)

GLOVES & GOGGLES

Gloves and safety goggles are required when handling fuel and oil.

VENTILATED AREA

Work outdoors or in a ventilated area. Collect fuel and oil in a pan and take it to a recycling centre.

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

Can I blow out a paper air filter with a compressor?

Yes, at low pressure and from the inside out so you don't tear the paper. Replace it if it is clogged or torn.

How do I tell which way a fuel filter goes?

Look for the flow arrow (IN to OUT) printed on the filter body and follow it when fitting.

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How to clean and changethe filters on your machine

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How to clean and change
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